Характеристики и применение корундовых абразивов в Китае показаны в таблице 1-1-3.
| Разновидности корунда | функции | использовать |
| Коричневый корунд | Коричневый корунд имеет коричневый цвет, основным химическим составом является Al₂O₃, его содержание составляет 94,5% ~ 97%, с высокой твердостью, вязкостью, острыми частицами, относительно низкими ценовыми характеристиками, подходит для шлифования металлов с высокой прочностью на разрыв, при отсутствии других абразивов, как правило, может быть заменен им. | Широко используется при грубой шлифовке обычной стали, такой как: углеродистая сталь, легированная сталь, ковкий чугун, твердая бронза и т. д. Вторичные абразивы из коричневого корунда часто используются в качестве шлифовальных кругов для риса, шлифовальных кругов для резки смолы, шлифовальных плиток, наждачных полотен, наждачной бумаги и т. д. |
| Белый корунд | Твердость белого корунда немного выше, чем у коричневого корунда, но прочность немного хуже, при резке заготовку легко резать, самозатачивание лучше, тепловыделение мало, шлифуемость сильная, эффективность высокая, а цена выше, чем у коричневого корунда. | Подходит для шлифования стали с высокой твердостью, такой как быстрорежущая сталь, промышленная углеродистая сталь, закаленная сталь, легированная сталь и т. д. |
| Монокристаллический корунд | Частицы абразивного монокристаллического корунда состоят из одного кристалла и имеют хорошую многопризматическую режущую кромку, высокую твердость и прочность, сильную шлифующую способность, меньшее тепловыделение при шлифовании. Недостатком является более высокая себестоимость производства, образование отработанных газов и сточных вод в процессе производства, а также низкая производительность. | Его можно использовать для шлифования твердых и труднообрабатываемых металлических материалов, таких как нержавеющая сталь, быстрорежущая сталь с высоким содержанием ванадия, жаропрочная легированная сталь, а также легкодеформируемых и легкообжигаемых заготовок, учитывая, что применение абразивов из монокристаллического корунда ограничено условиями производства, обычно рекомендуется только для шлифования жаропрочных сплавов и износостойких металлических материалов. |
| Микрокристаллический корунд | Он относится к производным разновидностям коричневого корунда, по внешнему виду, цвету и химическому составу похож на коричневый корунд, характеризуется малым размером кристаллов (50 ~ 280/мкм), хорошей абразивной вязкостью зерна, высокой прочностью и хорошей самозатачиваемостью. | Подходит для шлифования нержавеющей стали, углеродистой стали, шаровой шлифовки чугуна и т. д., а метод шлифования подходит для формовочного фрезерования, режущего шлифования, тонкого шлифования и шлифования в тяжелых условиях. |
| Хромовый корунд | Это производная разновидность белого корунда, с розовым внешним видом, схожей твердостью с белым корундом, немного более высокой прочностью, чем у белого корунда, и высокой прочностью, хорошими шлифовальными характеристиками и высокой точностью шлифования. Абразивы, изготовленные из этого абразива, хорошо сохраняют форму | Область применения аналогична белому корунду, особенно подходит для тонкого шлифования и формовочного шлифования различных инструментов, измерительных приборов и деталей приборов. В целом, хромовый корунд обладает лучшими шлифовальными свойствами, чем белый корунд |
| Цирконий корунд | Циркониевый корунд: α-Al₂O₃ и Al₂O₃-ZrO2: сокристаллические соединения, которые характеризуются несколько меньшей твердостью, но большим значением ударной вязкости, высокой прочностью, обычно более тонким размером кристаллов, хорошей износостойкостью. | Абразивы из зарубежного циркониево-корундового сырья в основном используются для шлифования в тяжелых условиях, подходят для шлифования жаропрочной легированной стали, легированной стали Qin и аустенитной нержавеющей стали. |
| Спеченный корунд | Он спечен с тонким материалом из боксита или порошка оксида алюминия, который характеризуется хорошей прочностью. Из него можно изготавливать абразивные зерна различных специальных форм и размеров. |
В основном используется для шлифовальных кругов для тяжелых условий эксплуатации, подходит для шлифования слитков из нержавеющей стали и т. д. |
| Черный стальной нефрит | Он относится к производной разновидности коричневого корунда и имеет черный вид. Он характеризуется низким содержанием Al₂O₃ и наличием некоторого количества Fe₂O₃ (около 10%), поэтому твердость низкая, но прочность хорошая. | В основном он используется для свободного шлифования, например, шлифования или грубого шлифования перед гальванопокрытием изделий, а также для изготовления абразивных материалов с покрытием. Листы для резки смолы, полировальные блоки и т. д. |
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